Rotation Technique in Radially Symmetric Electron Micrographs: Mathematical Analysis

The rotation operation of order m operating on a signal removes all spatial frequencies not multiple to m. Anomalous reinforcements, causing misinterpretation, can be discounted without following previously suggested restrictions. The improvement in signal-to-noise ratio is less than m, in contrast to signal averaging of electrophysiology. A dove prism and stroboscope can implement the technique.