气体6
梅尔特克
自噬
炎症体
受体酪氨酸激酶
炎症
生物
AXL受体酪氨酸激酶
癌症研究
酪氨酸激酶
细胞生物学
信号转导
免疫学
JAK-STAT信号通路
生物化学
细胞凋亡
作者
Ji‐Hye Han,Joonbeom Bae,Chang‐Yong Choi,Sang-Pil Choi,Hyung-Sik Kang,Eun‐Kyeong Jo,Jongsun Park,Young Sik Lee,Hyun‐Seuk Moon,Chung‐Gyu Park,Myung‐Shik Lee,Taehoon Chun
出处
期刊:Autophagy
[Informa]
日期:2016-10-26
卷期号:12 (12): 2326-2343
被引量:104
标识
DOI:10.1080/15548627.2016.1235124
摘要
Severe hepatic inflammation is a common cause of acute or chronic liver disease. Macrophages are one of the key mediators which regulate the progress of hepatic inflammation. Increasing evidence shows that the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MERTK) family of RTKs (receptor tyrosine kinases), which is expressed in macrophages, alleviates inflammatory responses through a negative feedback loop. However, the functional contribution of each TAM family member to the progression of hepatic inflammation remains elusive. In this study, we explore the role of individual TAM family proteins during autophagy induction and evaluate their contribution to hepatic inflammation. Among the TAM family of RTKs, AXL (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase) only induces autophagy in macrophages after interaction with its ligand, GAS6 (growth arrest specific 6). Based on our results, autophosphorylation of 2 tyrosine residues (Tyr815 and Tyr860) in the cytoplasmic domain of AXL in mice is required for autophagy induction and AXL-mediated autophagy induction is dependent on MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)14 activity. Furthermore, induction of AXL-mediated autophagy prevents CASP1 (caspase 1)-dependent IL1B (interleukin 1, β) and IL18 (interleukin 18) maturation by inhibiting NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome activation. In agreement with these observations, axl−/− mice show more severe symptoms than do wild-type (Axl+/+) mice following acute hepatic injury induced by administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Hence, GAS6-AXL signaling-mediated autophagy induction in murine macrophages ameliorates hepatic inflammatory responses by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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