Microwave-induced fast incorporation of titanium into UiO-66 metal–organic frameworks for enhanced photocatalytic properties

UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be endowed with greatly enhanced photocatalytic properties by introducing titanium into the frameworks. A microwave-assisted method was developed to substitute the zirconium with titanium in UiO-66, which was accomplished within a few hours compared to several days reported previously, with the crystallinity well maintained and photocatalytic activities tremendously improved.