Associations between endocrine-disrupting heavy metals in maternal hair and gestational diabetes mellitus: A nested case-control study in China

妊娠期糖尿病 医学 置信区间 套式病例对照研究 混淆 产科 体质指数 前瞻性队列研究 队列研究 生理学 内分泌学 病例对照研究 内科学 怀孕 糖尿病 妊娠期 生物 遗传学
作者
Xiaoqian Jia,Le Zhang,Jing Zhao,Mengyuan Ren,Zewu Li,Jiamei Wang,Shuo Wang,Yingying Liu,Hang An,Yuhuan Li,Lailai Yan,Zhiwen Li,Xiaohong Liu,Bo Pan,Rongwei Ye
出处
期刊:Environment International [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:157: 106770-106770 被引量:41
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106770
摘要

Exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors (EDCs) may lead to abnormal glucose metabolism and, potentially, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We investigated the association between five endocrine-disrupting heavy metals (EDHMs), i.e., arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and tin (Sn), in maternal hair and the risk of GDM. We conducted a nested case-control study including 335 GDM cases and 343 controls without GDM based on a prospective birth cohort established in Beijing, China. Concentrations of EDHMs were analyzed in maternal hair. Log-binomial regression and multiple linear regression were used to estimate the associations between the hair concentrations of single metals and the risk of GDM, while weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression for their mixed effects. The median concentrations of Hg (0.442 vs. 0.403 μg/g) and Sn (0.171 vs. 0.140 μg/g) in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group. No differences were found between the two groups for the other three metals. After adjusting for confounders, the prevalence ratio (PR; highest vs. lowest tertile) of GDM risk for Hg was 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.54), while that for Sn was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.04–1.53). Among women with a body mass index < 24 kg/m2, the PR (highest vs. lowest tertile) of GDM for Sn was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.09–1.75). The effect of exposure to the five EDHMs on the risk of GDM was estimated by WQS regression: Sn and Hg made the largest contributions to the WQS index (40.9% and 40.3%, respectively). High maternal levels of EDHMs, particularly Sn and Hg, may promote the development of GDM.
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