肠道菌群
脂肪肝
肠道微生物群
疾病
内科学
炎症
代谢综合征
免疫学
肥胖
肝病
胰岛素抵抗
作者
Jake S. Jacob,Aijaz Ahmed,George Cholankeril
出处
期刊:Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
[Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
日期:2021-07-15
卷期号:34 (5): 477-482
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1097/qco.0000000000000759
摘要
Purpose of review We have increasing evidence that alterations of the intestinal microbiome have a strong influence on human health. Previous work has demonstrated the association between changes in the microbiome and metabolic risk factors. One related area of interest is the relationship between dysbiosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as the global prevalence of NAFLD, and its resultant complications, increases. Recent findings In this review, we summarize the hypothesized pathophysiology of dysbiosis-mediated progression of NAFLD, including promotion of an inflammatory intestinal environment, increased intestinal permeability, endogenous ethanol production, short-chain fatty acid production, secondary bile acid metabolism, and choline depletion. We also review potential therapeutic interventions of the microbiome to slow or prevent NAFLD progression, including antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplant, and farnesoid × receptor agonism. Summary Much of the evidence supporting dysbiosis-mediated NAFLD progression has been gathered in high-quality animal trials. There remains a need for additional observational and randomized controlled trials in humans to establish causality between the suspected factors and pathogenesis of NAFLD.
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