A Review: The Development of SiO2/C Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries are promising energy storage devices used in several sectors, such as transportation, electronic devices, energy, and industry. The anode is one of the main components of a lithium-ion battery that plays a vital role in the cycle and electrochemical performance of a lithium-ion battery, depending on the active material. Recently, SiO2 has garnered attention for use as an anode in lithium-ion batteries. SiO2 has a high specific capacity, good cycle stability, abundance, and low-cost processing. However, the high expansion and shrinkage of the SiO2 volume during lithiation/delithiation, low conductivity, and solid electrolyte interphase formation resulted in damage to the electrode structure and caused a decrease in SiO2 performance as an anode for a lithium-ion battery. The modified properties of SiO2 and the use of carbon materials as composites of SiO2 are effective strategies to overcome these problems. This review focuses on analyzing the role of various carbon materials in composite SiO2/C to enhance the performance of SiO2 materials.