Structure-switching aptamer sensors for the specific detection of piperaquine and mefloquine

's) measured in the low nanomolar range via two independent methods. The aptamers were isolated from a library of single-stranded DNA molecules using a capture-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technique and then adapted into structure-switching aptamer fluorescent sensors. Sensor performance was optimized for the detection of drug from human serum and crushed tablets, resulting in two sensing platforms. The patient sample platform was validated against an LC-MS standard drug detection method in samples from healthy volunteers and patients with malaria. This assay provides a rapid and inexpensive method for tracking antimalarial drug use and quality for the containment and study of parasite resistance, a major priority for malaria elimination campaigns. This sensor platform allows for flexibility of sample matrix and can be easily adapted to detect other small-molecule drugs.