过电位
电解质
无机化学
电极
二氧化碳
析氧
氢
欧姆接触
氧化物
化学
分析化学(期刊)
电化学
色谱法
有机化学
物理化学
作者
James A. Leistra,Paul J. Sides
出处
期刊:Journal of The Electrochemical Society
[The Electrochemical Society]
日期:1987-10-01
卷期号:134 (10): 2442-2446
被引量:54
摘要
A general statement of voltage components at gas evolving electrodes, including ohmic losses, surface overpotential, gas concentration, and ionic concentration overvoltages, is presented. Discussed and illustrated are the means for estimating the value and measurability of each component. A subcomponent of the surface overpotential, termed hyperpolarization, a result of masking of the electrode by bubbles, is quantified. In hydrogen or oxygen evolution from sulfuric acid, the largest of the bubble‐related components is the concentration overpotential, due to supersaturation of the electrolyte with dissolved gas. In carbon dioxide evolution from aluminum oxide dissolved in cryolite, ohmic effects are the most important. Hyperpolarization of the electrodes is estimated to be 2, 5 and 25 mV in hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide evolution, respectively.
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