Comparative Efficacy of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) Inactivated Whole-Virus Vaccine and Canarypox Virus-Vectored Vaccine during Virulent FeLV Challenge and Immunosuppression

猫白血病病毒 病毒学 B组 A组 病毒 重组DNA 免疫抑制 生物 病毒释放 医学 免疫学 内科学 生物化学 基因
作者
M. Patel,K. Carritt,J. G. LANE,Huchappa Jayappa,Marie Ståhl,Melissa Bourgeois
出处
期刊:Clinical and Vaccine Immunology [American Society for Microbiology]
卷期号:22 (7): 798-805 被引量:23
标识
DOI:10.1128/cvi.00034-15
摘要

ABSTRACT Four vaccines for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are available in the United States. This study's purpose was to compare the efficacy of Nobivac feline 2-FeLV (an inactivated, adjuvanted whole-virus vaccine) and PureVax recombinant FeLV (a live, canarypox virus-vectored vaccine) following FeLV challenge. Cats were vaccinated at 9 and 12 weeks with Nobivac feline 2-FeLV (group A, n = 11) or PureVax recombinant FeLV (group B, n = 10). Group C ( n = 11) comprised unvaccinated controls. At 3 months postvaccination, cats were immunosuppressed and challenged with FeLV-A/61E. The outcomes measured were persistent antigenemia at 12 weeks postchallenge (PC) and proviral DNA and viral RNA at 3 to 9 weeks PC. Persistent antigenemia was observed in 0 of 11 cats in group A, 5 of 10 cats in group B, and 10 of 11 cats in group C. Group A was significantly protected compared to those in groups B ( P < 0.013) and C ( P < 0.0001). No difference was found between groups B and C ( P > 0.063). The preventable fraction was 100% for group A and 45% for group B. At 9 weeks PC, proviral DNA and viral RNA were detected 1 of 11 cats in group A, 6 of 10 cats in group B, and 9 of 11 cats in group C. Nucleic acid loads were significantly lower in group A than in group C ( P < 0.01). Group A had significantly lower proviral DNA loads than group B at weeks 6 to 9 ( P < 0.02). The viral RNA loads were significantly lower in group A than in group B at weeks 7 to 9 ( P < 0.01). The results demonstrate that Nobivac feline 2-FeLV-vaccinated cats were fully protected against persistent antigenemia and had significantly smaller amounts of proviral DNA and plasma viral RNA loads than PureVax recombinant FeLV-vaccinated cats and unvaccinated controls.
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