Actinomadura parmotrematis sp. nov., isolated from the foliose lichen, Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale

A novel actinomycete strain PM05-2 T was isolated from the lichen Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale collected from Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand. The taxonomic position of the strain was studied using the polyphasic approach. Based on the morphology and chemotaxonomic properties, strain PM05-2 T was identified as a member of the genus Actinomadura . The whole-cell hydrolysate contained meso -diaminopimelic acid, rhamnose, ribose, xylose, madurose, glucose and galactose. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, one unidentified phosphoglycolipid, four unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified lipid. The menaquinones were MK-9(H 6 ), MK-9(H 4 ), MK-9(H 2 ), MK-9(H 8 ) and MK-9(H 0 ). The major cellular fatty acids were C 16:0 and C 18:1 ω9 c . Strain PM05-2 T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene similarity to Actinomadura hibisca NBRC 15177 T (98.58%), Actinomadura kijaniata NBRC 14229 T (98.29 %) and Actinomadura namibiensis DSM 44197 T (98.14 %). The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that strain PM05-2 T was related to A. hibisca NBRC 15177 T , A. kijaniata NBRC 14229 T , A. namibiensis DSM 44197 T and Actinomadura macrotermitis RB68 T . The genomic analysis revealed that average nucleotide identity values based on both blast and MUMmer between strain PM05-2 T and the relative type strains ranged from 77.6 to 86.4%. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization values among the strains were lower than the threshold for assigning to the same species. The taxonomic results suggested that strain PM05-2 T represented a novel species of the genus Actinomadura for which the name Actinomadura parmotrematis is proposed. The type strain is PM05-2 T (=TBRC 15492 T =NBRC 115416 T ).