Joint hierarchical placement and configuration of edge servers in C-V2X

To accommodate the high mobility and large-scale interconnection requirements of the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) and to realize low-latency and high-reliability communication in IoVs, Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) intelligent converged networks based on Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is proposed. Various types of C-V2X applications impose diverse requirements on the network in terms of communication, computation, and storage, thus the MEC platform needs to be flexibly deployed in C-V2X. We can divide the MEC platform into Roadside-edge and Area-edge layers according to the service scope and business functions, and strategically select Road Side Units (RSUs) and Macro Base Stations (MBSs) with the optimal location in the Roadside-edge and Area-edge layer to place different types of Edge Servers (ESs). In the scenario of MEC and C-V2X convergence, we consider the trade-off between the response latency of computation requests and the placement cost, and modelled the hierarchical placement and configuration of ESs based on queuing theory . To reduce the complexity of the problem and improve the efficiency of the solution, heuristic algorithms are proposed to realize the joint hierarchical placement and configuration of ESs in C-V2X from the aspects of delay-aware, suitability evaluation, and spatial clustering. Finally, the real C-V2X scenarios are simulated based on the Poisson Line Process (PLP) and Poisson Point Process (PPP), and sufficient experimental results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithms.