Using Streptomyces spp. as plant growth promoters and biocontrol agents

Streptomyces is the main genus of Actinobacteria, which has its main industrial application in the production of antibiotics. However, several studies have also reported that Streptomyces spp. are promising for agriculture. In this sense, this work aimed to compile the recent advances regarding the use of Streptomyces spp. for plant growth promotion and biological control, as well as to alleviate abiotic stresses, emphasizing their contribution to promoting sustainable and more productive agriculture. Several strains of Streptomyces can promote plant growth and biocontrol pests, diseases, weeds and phytopathogenic microorganisms by producing phytohormones (mainly IAA), siderophores, enzymes, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), antibiotics, and other secondary metabolites. In addition, Streptomyces spp. can enhance nutrients bioavailability and alleviate abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, and organic and inorganic contaminants in soil. Based on the promising results of plant growth promotion and phytopathogen control, the use of Streptomyces spp. is a promising way to promote sustainable agriculture by improving crop productivity and reducing the use of agrochemicals, evidencing as an eco-friendly approach for agricultural purposes.