Rise and Decay of Photoluminescence in Upconverting Lanthanide-Doped Nanocrystals

Nanocrystals (NCs) doped with lanthanides are capable of efficient photon upconversion, i.e., absorbing long-wavelength light and emitting shorter-wavelength light. The internal processes that enable upconversion are a complex network of electronic transitions within and energy transfer between dopant centers. In this work, we study the rise and decay dynamics of upconversion emission from β-NaYF