Fabrication of robust superhydrophobic surface on silicone rubber

Robust superhydrophobic surfaces with periodic array structures composed of circular silica islands on silicone rubber substrates were fabricated using a combination of multi-laser exposure and chemical modification. Abrasion tests with sandpaper demonstrate that hard silica regions on the surface can protect the silicone rubber region from external damage, resulting in long-lasting superhydrophobicity. Moreover, with an increase in area fraction and a decrease in array hole radius, the wear of the filled superhydrophobic silica is slowed while the protection for the silicone rubber region is enhanced. Particularly, the optimum surface geometry had an area fraction of 35 % and array hole radius of 100 μm retaining its hydrophobicity up to 63 times of abrasion, eight times more than that of the superhydrophobic surface processed by lasers alone. The results of a sand impact test confirmed the resulting surface's resilience in an aeolian sand environment. This research demonstrated the feasibility of producing robust, superhydrophobic surfaces on flexible silicone rubber substrates and providing a foundation for improving and innovating related products.