壳聚糖
化学
高分子化学
异氰酸酯
异氰酸
胺气处理
生物相容性
傅里叶变换红外光谱
亲核细胞
热稳定性
氨基甲酸酯
有机化学
化学工程
催化作用
聚氨酯
工程类
作者
Kartik Ravishankar,Shelly Km,Sreelekshmi Sreekumar,Sisira Sivan,Manikantan Syamala Kiran,Nitin P. Lobo,Sellamuthu N. Jaisankar,R. Dhamodharan
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129648
摘要
In this study, we present a facile method for introducing hydrophilic ureido groups (NH2-CO-NH-) into chitosan using a microwave-assisted reaction with molten urea, with the aim of enhancing chitosan's interaction with blood components for improved hemostasis. The formation of the ureido groups through nucleophilic addition reaction between the amine groups in chitosan and in situ generated isocyanic acid was confirmed by FTIR, CP/TOSS 13C NMR, and CP/MAS 15N NMR spectroscopic techniques. However, in stark contrast to the glucans, the said modification introduced extensive crosslinking in chitosan. Spectroscopic studies identified these crosslinks as carbamate bridges (-NH-COO-), which were likely formed by the reaction between the ureido groups and hydroxyl groups of adjacent chains through an isocyanate intermediate. These carbamate bridges improved ureido chitosan's environmental stability, making it particularly resistant to changes in pH and temperature. In comparison to chitosan, the crosslinked ureido chitosan synthesized here exhibited good biocompatibility and cell adhesion, rapidly arrested the bleeding in a punctured artery with minimal hemolysis, and induced early activation and aggregation of platelets. These properties render it an invaluable material for applications in hemostasis, particularly in scenarios that necessitate stability against pH variations and degradation.
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