重编程
DNA去甲基化
生物
5-羟甲基胞嘧啶
DNA甲基化
表观遗传学
胚胎干细胞
诱导多能干细胞
细胞生物学
遗传学
细胞
基因
基因表达
作者
Samuel E. Ross,Ozren Bogdanović
出处
期刊:Biochemical Society Transactions
[Portland Press]
日期:2019-06-17
卷期号:47 (3): 875-885
被引量:76
摘要
Abstract Ten-eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenases (TET1, TET2, TET3) actively cause demethylation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and produce and safeguard hypomethylation at key regulatory regions across the genome. This 5mC erasure is particularly important in pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) as they need to maintain self-renewal capabilities while retaining the potential to generate different cell types with diverse 5mC patterns. In this review, we discuss the multiple roles of TET proteins in mouse ESCs, and other vertebrate model systems, with a particular focus on TET functions in pluripotency, differentiation, and developmental DNA methylome reprogramming. Furthermore, we elaborate on the recently described non-catalytic roles of TET proteins in diverse biological contexts. Overall, TET proteins are multifunctional regulators that through both their catalytic and non-catalytic roles carry out myriad functions linked to early developmental processes.
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