Contact between leaked cement and adjacent vertebral endplate induces a greater risk of adjacent vertebral fracture with vertebral bone cement augmentation biomechanically

Adjacent vertebral fracture (AVF) is a frequently observed complication after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture (OVCF). Studies have demonstrated that intervertebral cement leakage (ICL) can increase the incidence of AVF, but others have reached opposite conclusions. The stress concentration initially increases the risk of AVF, and dispersive concentrated stress is the main biomechanical function of the intervertebral disc (IVD).