单层
凝聚态物理
材料科学
铁电性
铁磁性
铁弹性
多铁性
自旋电子学
磁各向异性
纳米技术
磁化
电介质
物理
磁场
光电子学
量子力学
作者
Srishti Bhardwaj,T. Maitra
出处
期刊:Physical review
日期:2023-08-22
卷期号:108 (8)
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1103/physrevb.108.l081116
摘要
Two-dimensional multiferroic materials are highly sought after due to their huge potential for applications in nanoelectronic and spintronic devices. Here, we predict, based on first-principle calculations, a single-phase triferroic where three ferroic orders---ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity, and ferroelasticity---coexist simultaneously in the hole doped ${\mathrm{GdCl}}_{2}$ monolayer (a ferromagnetic semiconductor). This is achieved by substituting 1/3rd of the ${\mathrm{Gd}}^{2+}$ ions with ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{2+}$ in the hexagonal structure of the ${\mathrm{GdCl}}_{2}$ monolayer. The resulting metallic state undergoes a bond-centered charge ordering driving a distortion in the hexagonal structure, making it semiconducting again and ferroelastic. Further, the lattice distortion accompanied by a breaking of the lattice centrosymmetry renders a noncentrosymmetric charge distribution, which makes the monolayer ferroelectric, at the same time. The two ferroic orders, ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity, present in the Eu-substituted ${\mathrm{GdCl}}_{2}$ monolayer are found to be strongly coupled, making it a promising candidate for device applications. The Eu-substituted monolayer remains a ferromagnetic semiconductor with a large $4f$ magnetic moment just like the parent monolayer and possesses an even higher (out-of-plane) magnetic anisotropy energy than its pristine counterpart as desired for two-dimensional magnets to have high transition temperature.
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