Hydroxyl‐α‐Sanshool Maintains Intestinal Health in Obese Mice Fed a High‐Fat Diet by Activating AMPK Signaling

To explore the effects of hydroxyl‐ α ‐sanshool (HAS) administration on the intestinal health of high‐fat diet‐fed mice, mice were separated into a control (CN) group, a model (MC) group, a HAS (8 mg/kg bw) (HD) group, and a HAS (8 mg/kg bw) + Compound C (10 mg/kg·4 d) (HA) group. After 4 weeks of treatment, the mice were fasted for 12 h prior to sacrifice, and autopsy samples were taken for analysis. HAS improved inflammatory and metabolic imbalances by activating AMPK, as shown by biochemical, microbiota composition, and metabolomics analyses. These findings suggest that HAS can maintain intestinal health through AMPK‐mediated amino acid metabolism.