EIDNet: Extragradient-based iterative denoising network for image compressive sensing reconstruction

Compressive sensing (CS) is a kind of hardware-friendly technology in effective image reconstruction. Most of the existing CS reconstruction methods can be classified into model-driven iterative optimization methods and data-driven neural network methods. These two types of methods have their own problems with computational complexity and theoretical interpretability. Motivated by the deep unfolding theory, we develop the model-driven Extragradient-based Iterative Denoising Network, dubbed EIDNet, which is based on the denoising model of the iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm (ISTA). By unfolding the iterative denoising model into the deep learning network, EIDNet addresses the interpretability problem of neural network methods in CS reconstruction. Each denoising iteration of the optimization algorithm is mapped into one layer of the reconstruction network in EIDNet. The extragradient method is adopted to accelerate network convergence. In addition, we introduce a learning-based sampling and initialization network for adaptive sampling and initialization. Extensive experiments show that the proposed EIDNet can obtain better image CS reconstruction performance than other state-of-the-art CS methods while maintaining satisfactory reconstruction efficiency.