[Research hot spots and trends of keratoconus in China: a bibliometric analysis].

Objective: To review the studies related to keratoconus in China, investigate research hotspots and development trends in this field, and provide reference for future research. Methods: This is a bibliometrics study. The relevant literature written in Chinese was retrieved from the WanFang DATA and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, English articles were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Searched for journal articles related to keratoconus VOSviewer software, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix in the R language were employed to create the knowledge map. The analysis encompassed the distribution of published journals, research collaboration networks of countries/regions, institutions, and authors. Additionally, core authors, high-frequency keyword co-occurrence, keyword topic maps, and keyword emergence time ranking were examined. Results: The study ultimately included 1 100 Chinese articles and 668 English articles. Chinese literature and English literature began to increase in 1997 and 2009, respectively, indicating that the field is currently in a developmental stage. The publications involved 244 Chinese journals and 150 English journals, predominantly in the field of ophthalmology. The United States collaborated the most with China, contributing to 123 articles, followed by other countries such as the United Kingdom and Switzerland. Chinese literature and English literature involved 552 and 883 institutions, respectively. The institution with the highest number of Chinese literature publications was the Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University (63 papers), while Wenzhou Medical University had the highest number of English literature publications (91 papers). Chinese literature involved 2 435 authors, and English literature involved 2 073 authors. The largest collaboration cluster in Chinese literature was formed by the teams of Xie Lixin and Shi Weiyun, while the Gao Hua team formed the largest cluster in English literature. However, collaboration between authors was primarily limited to within each team. A total of 622 and 1 611 keywords were extracted from Chinese and English literature, respectively. The node centrality of the four Chinese keywords, "keratoconus", "cornea", "corneal transplantation" and "myopia" as well as the three English keywords, "keratoconus", "collagen cross-linking" and "penetrating keratoplasty" was greater than 0.1. "Collagen", "riboflavin", "corneal transplantation" and "ultraviolet A" were identified as common core hotspots and important research topics in Chinese and English literature on keratoconus. Keyword emergence analysis indicated that the keywords with the highest intensity of emergence in Chinese and English literature were "myopia" (13.54) and "penetrating keratoplasty" (9.99), respectively. The longest emergence time was observed for "contact lenses" (1995-2006) and "penetrating keratoplasty" (2003-2014). Conclusions: At present, research on keratoconus in China is on the rise, with research hotspots including pathogenesis, various new surgical methods, and improvement in quality of life. The future research trend mainly focuses on early diagnosis and screening methods, artificial intelligence, biomechanical examination, subclinical keratoconus, and small incision lenticule extraction.目的： 了解我国圆锥角膜研究现状，探讨研究热点和发展演进趋势。 方法： 文献计量学研究。选择万方数据知识服务平台和中国知网为中文文献数据来源，Web of Science核心合集为英文文献数据来源，检索与圆锥角膜相关的期刊论文。数据去重后，对发表时间、发文机构、作者、期刊来源、关键词等进行规范化处理和文献计量学分析，采用VOSviewer软件、CiteSpace软件和Bibliometrix R包绘制可视化分析图谱。主要分析指标包括发表期刊的分布，国家或地区、机构及作者的科研合作网络，核心作者，高频关键词共现网络，关键词主题地图，关键词突现时间排序等。 结果： 最终纳入1 100篇中文文献和668篇英文文献。中文文献和英文文献先后于1997年和2009年开始增加，该领域正处于发展阶段。发文期刊涉及中文期刊244种，英文期刊150种，均以眼科学类期刊为主。与我国合作发文最多的国家为美国（123篇），其次是英国、瑞士等。中文文献和英文文献分别涉及552个和883个机构。发表中文文献数量最多的机构是山东第一医科大学附属眼科研究所（63篇），发表英文文献最多的机构是温州医科大学（91篇）。中文文献涉及2 435名作者，英文文献涉及2 073名作者。中文文献中谢立信和史伟云团队形成的合作聚类团最大，英文文献中Gao Hua（高华）团队形成的合作聚类团最大，但作者间合作多局限于团队内部。中、英文文献分别提炼出622和1 611个关键词。“圆锥角膜”“角膜”“角膜移植”“近视”4个中文关键词，以及“keratoconus”“collagen cross-linking”和“penetrating keratoplasty” 3个英文关键词的节点中介中心性>0.1。“胶原”“核黄素”“角膜移植”“紫外线A”等为我国圆锥角膜研究中、英文文献的共同核心热点和重要研究主题。关键词突现分析提示突现强度最大的中、英文关键词分别是“近视”（13.54）和“penetrating keratoplasty”（9.99）；突现时间最长的是“接触镜”（1995—2006年）和“penetrating keratoplasty”（2003—2014年）。 结论： 目前我国的圆锥角膜研究热度正处于上升阶段，研究热点包括发病机制研究、多种改良和新型手术方式、提高患者生活质量等，未来趋势主要集中在人工智能、生物力学检查等早期诊断和筛查方法，以及亚临床期圆锥角膜、小切口角膜基质透镜等方面。.