内吞作用
化学
内体
细胞内
细胞质
细胞外
胞浆
细胞生物学
转运蛋白
膜蛋白
细胞
生物化学
膜
生物
酶
作者
Shubo Du,Si Si Liew,Lin Li,Shao Q. Yao
摘要
Therapeutic proteins have increased dramatically in both number and frequency of use in recent years, primarily owing to advances in protein engineering. Protein therapy provides the advantages of high potency and specificity, as well as low oncogenic risks. To date, due to their inability to cross the plasma membrane into the intracellular space of mammalian cells, most therapeutic proteins can only target secreted modulators or extracellular receptors. The full potential of protein therapy is, however, being gradually realized by the development of various strategies capable of intracellular protein delivery. Notwithstanding, most of these strategies suffer from severe endosomal trapping, resulting in very low protein delivery efficiency. In this Perspective, we discuss various methods to directly transport proteins into the cell cytoplasm, thus bypassing the problems associated with endocytosis.
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