高雄激素血症
多囊卵巢
病因学
激素
医学
病理生理学
内科学
内分泌学
生物信息学
生物
胰岛素抵抗
肥胖
作者
Zahra Shaaban,Arezoo Khoradmehr,Mohammad Reza Jafarzadeh Shirazi,Amin Tamadon
出处
期刊:PubMed
日期:2019-01-01
卷期号:22 (1): 3-16
被引量:24
标识
DOI:10.22038/ijbms.2018.31776.7646
摘要
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy in women, which, unlike its impact on fertility and health of women, there is no clear understanding about the causal mechanisms of this pathogenesis. The aim of this review paper is to investigate the pathophysiological pathways affecting the PCOS etiology, based on functions of gonadotropins- and steroid hormones-related genes.Due to different hormonal and metabolic signs of this complex disorder, different hypotheses are mentioned about etiology of this syndrome. Because of the heterogeneity of the reasons given for this syndrome and the spread of the effective genes in its pathophysiology, most of genes affected by sex-related hormonal imbalances are examined for discriminative diagnosis. For this purpose, published articles and reviews dealing with genetic evaluation of PCOS in women in peer-reviewed journals in PubMed and Google Scholar databases were included in this review.In previous studies, it has been well demonstrated that PCOS in some individuals have a genetic origin. Pathophysiological functions of genes are primarily responsible for the synthesis of proteins that have role in PCOS before hyperandrogenism including GnRHR, FSHβ, FSHR, LHCGR, CYP19A1, HSD17B, AR and SHBG, and their effects in PCOS of human have been confirmed.Hormonal imbalances are the first reason mentioned in PCOS etiology, and usually characterized with menstrual irregularities in PCOS women. Hyperandrogenism and gonadotropin secretion disorders are shown in PCOS condition, which are related to steroidogenesis pathways and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis disturbances, respectively.
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