Ion-exchange membrane materials: Properties, modification, and practical application

In this review, modern notions on the structure and properties of one of the most in-demand classes of nanomaterials—ion-exchange membranes—are generalized. Data are presented on their transport properties, on their use in electrodialysis and in alternative power engineering, on the methods of their modification that lead to changing the conducting and selective properties of membranes, and on certain aspects of their use in modern technologies.