Hybrid ozonation process for industrial wastewater treatment: Principles and applications: A review

Ozone is a strong oxidant and have been effectively used for the degradation and mineralization of organic pollutants. However, the increase in the toxicity and disposal of the recalcitrant organics standalone ozonation process is not effective and sustainable solution for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant. It is therefore necessary to provide a summary of success of hybrid ozonation process for industrial wastewater treatment along with the reaction mechanism for enhancing the molecular ozone reactivity. The paper presents a detailed review of hybrid ozonation process as a combination of two different techniques to enhance the hydroxyl radical formation thereby increasing the process efficiency. An extensive review on the mechanism and application of these hybrid ozonation processes for degradation, mineralization, detoxification of different organic pollutants present in the industrial wastewater is reported.