Anodic oxidation of organic pollutants: Anode fabrication, process hybrid and environmental applications

This review summarizes the recent progress in anodic oxidation of organic pollutant for water and wastewater treatment. It supplies the advances in anodes fabrication to improve the anodic performance by different modifications and preparation strategies, focusing on non-active anodes including boron-doped diamond (BDD), PbO2, SnO2 and Ti-based anode (e.g., Ti4O7, blue titanium oxide). Meanwhile, the tendency of anodic oxidation coupled or combined with other processes (adsorption, membrane separation, biological treatment and advanced oxidation process) for pretreatment or advanced treatment of organic pollutant is presented. Finally, anodic oxidation for environmental application is briefly described; several challenges need to be overcome and perspectives for future study are critically proposed.