[Diagnosis and management of fat necrosis after autologous fat transplantation of breast].

To review the diagnosis and management of fat necrosis after autologous fat transplantation of breast.Based on the latest related literature, the pathology, clinical and radiographic examinations, influence factors, as well as the management of fat necrosis after autologous fat transplantation for breast augmentation and reconstruction were summarized.Fat necrosis after breast autologous fat transplantation is histologically manifested as hyaline degeneration, fibrosis, and calcification. The diagnosis of fat necrosis includes clinical examination, imaging examination (ultrasound, mammography, and MRI), and biopsy. The occurrence of fat necrosis is closely related to patient's own reason and fat transplantation technology. Optimizing the process of fat acquisition, purification, and transplantation can reduce the occurrence of fat necrosis. Intervention or not after fat necrosis depends on the nature of the nodules. According to the nature of the the nodules, various methods such as simple aspiration, vibration amplification of sound energy at resonance liposuction, or direct excision can be selected.Fat necrosis after autologous fat transplantation of breast are difficult to control. How to process fat to minimize the injury and maximize the activity of grafted fat needs further researches.总结乳房自体脂肪移植术后脂肪坏死的诊断及处理方法。.回顾近年相关文献，就采用自体脂肪移植术行隆乳及乳房再造后脂肪坏死病因、病理过程、临床和影像学诊断、影响因素及处理方法进行总结。.乳房自体脂肪移植术后脂肪坏死，在组织学上表现为透明样变性、纤维化和钙化。诊断方法包括临床检查、影像学检查（超声、钼靶、MRI）、病理活检等。脂肪坏死的发生与患者自身原因及脂肪移植技术有密切关系，优化脂肪获取、纯化、移植等过程可以减少脂肪坏死发生；检出脂肪坏死后是否需要干预治疗取决于乳房肿块性质，根据肿块性质可以选择细针抽吸、VASER（vibration amplification of sound energy at resonance）超声抽脂、肿块切除术等方式处理。.乳房自体脂肪移植术后脂肪坏死发生难以控制，有待进一步研究优化脂肪处理方法，以期最大程度减少脂肪坏死、保护脂肪组织活性，并形成一套标准化移植流程。.