Comparison of efficacy of local anesthetic drugs lignocaine, ropivacaine, and bupivacaine in pain control during extraction of mandibular posterior teeth

Background: Posterior tooth extractions provide a challenge due to variations in anesthetic capacity and effects, especially postoperatively. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of three anesthetic agents – lignocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine – during extraction procedure of mandibular posterior teeth. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty study participants were randomly divided into three groups: Group I – individuals under 2% lignocaine (n = 84), Group 2 – individuals under bupivacaine (n = 86), and Group 3 – individuals under ropivacaine (n = 80). Hemodynamic and anesthetic and analgesic parameters were recorded and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance. Results: Significant differences were observed between three anesthetic agents used pertaining to anesthetic and analgesic changes, whereas no significant effects were observed when comparing the hemodynamic parameters. Conclusion: Ropivacaine provided the best clinical outcome in terms of both anesthetic efficacy and postoperative analgesia following the extraction of mandibular posterior teeth.