More identified so less envious? On the links between different types of national identity and in-group envy

ABSTRACTWe investigate relations between benign and malicious in-group envy and the two types of national identity (i.e. secure national identification vs. national narcissism). In two studies (Ns = 1000 and 633), we found that secure national identification was negatively linked to malicious envy, while national narcissism was positively related to both malicious and benign envy. In Study 2, we additionally analyzed how in-group envy and two types of national identity shape in-group altruism. We found that low malicious envy significantly mediated the relationship between secure identification and in-group altruism. We discuss the role of envy in shaping the links between secure (vs. narcissistic) identity and positive intragroup attitudes.KEYWORDS: altruismbenign and malicious in-group envynarcissistic and secure national identity Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe raw data and statistical script are available at: https://osf.io/ysgfhOpen scholarship This article has earned the Center for Open Science badges for Open Data and Open Materials through Open Practices Disclosure. The data and materials are openly accessible at https://osf.io/ysgfh and https://osf.io/ysgfhSupplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2023.2240479Notes1. Significance was tested with the bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals for the standardized indirect effects (5,000 resamples).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Science for Society Grant, No. NdS/529303/2021/2022; financing amount PLN 1,714,305.00, total project value PLN 1,714,305.00) and National Science Centre under Opus grant (2019/35/B/HS6/00123).Notes on contributorsOliwia MaciantowiczOliwia Maciantowicz, Ph.D. member of the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Warsaw and the Political Cognition Lab at the Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences. Her research interests include narcissism, emotions, and human behavior.Marta MarchlewskaMarta Marchlewska, Ph.D. is the Head of the Political Cognition Lab at the Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences. In her work, she concentrates mainly on the functions that different forms of psychological threat play in the way of perceiving the world of politics.Marta RogozaMarta Rogoza, Ph.D. is currently an assistant professor at the Institute of Psychology of the Polish Academy of Science. Her interests focus on the trait structure of personality, "dark" aspects of personality, national identity, and psychological assessment.Zuzanna MolendaZuzanna Molenda is currently a Ph.D. candidate at the Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences. Her scientific interests include such areas as emotion regulation, types of in-group identity, and conspiracy beliefs.Radosław RogozaRadosław Rogoza, Ph.D is a scientist who is especially interested in personality research. Most of his works are devoted to studying the dark side of the personality, with a special place for studying narcissistic personality.Dominika WitkeOliwia Maciantowicz, Ph.D. member of the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Warsaw and the Political Cognition Lab at the Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences. Her research interests include narcissism, emotions, and human behavior.Dominika Witke is a final-year Psychology student at the University of Warsaw, specializing in neuropsychology. She is interested in social cognition, the phenomenon of resistance, and the widely understood dynamic of social interrelations.