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Widespread arboreal foraging behavior in ground-dwelling birds and the urgency of life-history studies

树上运动 觅食 野鸡 栖息地 生态学 鸡形目 生物 动物 地理
作者
Wande Li,Chen Zhu,Ingo Graß,Peng Han,Yao Shen,Ping Ding,Xingfeng Si
出处
期刊:Biological Conservation [Elsevier]
卷期号:286: 110320-110320
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110320
摘要

Habitat changes can alter animal behaviors, especially of large-bodied animals. Landfowl (Galliformes) are a phylogenetically diverse group of large-bodied ground-dwelling birds that are generally considered reluctant flyers. However, some species of landfowl have also been found to forage in arboreal habitats, which could be particularly advantageous under declining habitat quality. However, the prevalence of arboreal foraging behavior (AFB) and how it relates to habitat changes are still unexplored. Here, we reviewed life-history traits associated with foraging behaviors in 305 species of landfowl worldwide and examined the prevalence of AFB across the global landfowl phylogeny. We also collected data from arboreal camera traps on 22 subtropical reservoir islands and six nearby mainland sites in the Thousand Island Lake region of China to assess AFB of Silver Pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), the largest landfowl in this lake system, with island area and isolation. Globally, at least 84 species of landfowl (28%) showed evidence of AFB, with a strong phylogenetic signal. Camera trapping revealed that Silver Pheasant tended to have AFB on small and isolated islands, as evidenced by the increased arboreal sampling efforts. Our study reveals that landfowl's AFB is much more widespread than previously recognized, and suggests the importance of prioritizing large, connected habitats for the conservation of large-bodied animals like Silver Pheasant in the fragmented landscape. Finally, camera trapping emerges as a promising tool for recording landfowl's life history and uncommon behaviors that can help us understand landfowl's threats and aid conservation programs.
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