Accuracy of autonomous robotic surgery for single-tooth implant placement: A case series

This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of the autonomous robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (r-CAIS) for single-tooth implant placement.Patients with a single missing tooth were enrolled for the autonomous robotic implant surgery. The patients underwent a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan with a positioning marker. Virtual preoperative implant placement and a drilling plan were created before surgery. The robotic system automatically performed the implant osteotomy and placement intraoperatively under the surgeon's supervision. A postoperative CBCT scan was performed to evaluate the deviations between the planned and placed implants.Ten patients with single dental implant placement were enrolled. No adverse surgical events and postoperative complications (i.e., infection and early implant failure) were reported. The autonomous robotic implant surgery exhibited a mean overall coronal deviation of 0.74 mm (95% CI: 0.53 to 0.94 mm), a mean overall apical deviation of 0.73 mm (95% CI: 0.53 to 0.93 mm), and an angular deviation of 1.11° (95% CI: 0.78 to 1.44°), respectively.The high accuracy of autonomous r-CAIS technology in single-tooth implant placement was attributed to the control of the angular deviation and axial errors.The main findings of this study provide significant evidence to support the autonomous robotic implant surgery system as a potential alternative in dental implant surgery.