Trends and Future Perspectives in Nanoencapsulation of Plant-Based Polyphenolics (Flavonoids, Anthocyanins, and Tannins)

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an in-depth knowledge about the plant-based natural polyphenols (PBNP) (viz., coumarins, flavonoids, lignans, lignins, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and tannins), and their classification, distribution, bioavailability, and nanoencapsulation. The plant-based polyphenols are well acknowledged for their various therapeutic properties which are mainly attributed to their competence to efficiently neutralize the diversity of free radicals (FRs), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the living body. These PBNP are the prime source of natural antioxidants, which are well recognized to counterbalance the oxidative stress condition in the human body. The oxidative stress state is primarily associated with the beginning of around a hundred kinds of diseases in living beings. Nowadays, nanoencapsulation of these polyphenolics before their administration is one of the best ways to get maximum output from these PBNP. Furthermore, the nanoencapsulation also supports to preserve the intact chemical and physical nature of these PBNP under various unfavorable environmental conditions. Therefore, nanoencapsulation of PBNP aids to improve their bioavailability as well as efficacy and effectiveness.