Graphene Oxide/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Assisted Serial Quadruple Tapered Structure-Based LSPR Sensor for Glucose Detection

Glucose, an essential nutrient to the metabolism of organisms, is closely related to human health. Here, a novel serial quadruple tapered structure-based localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor is employed to achieve accurate detection of glucose level in the human body. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are immobilized on the serial quadruple taper fiber (SQTF) to induce LSPR. Furthermore, graphene oxide (GO) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used to increase the binding sites of enzymes to improve the sensing performance of probe. In our work, the SQTF probe surface is functionalized with glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme to enhance selectivity. The sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of functionalized probe structure are 1.04 nm/mM and 0.24 mM over a linear range of 0 mM to10 mM, respectively. In addition, the reusability, reproducibility, stability and selectivity of SQTF probe are assessed to demonstrate the potential in measuring glucose content in the human body.