Shared signaling pathways and targeted therapy by natural bioactive compounds for obesity and type 2 diabetes

信号转导 肥胖 2型糖尿病 生物 药理学 自然(考古学) 生物信息学 医学 糖尿病 化学 内分泌学 内科学 生物化学 古生物学
作者
Shuhua Tian,Haizhen Zhao,Haizhao Song
出处
期刊:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition [Taylor & Francis]
卷期号:64 (15): 5039-5056 被引量:21
标识
DOI:10.1080/10408398.2022.2148090
摘要

Epidemiological evidence showed that patients suffering from obesity and T2DM are significantly at higher risk for chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and intestinal flora imbalance. Increasing evidence of pathological characteristics illustrates that some common signaling pathways participate in the occurrence, progression, treatment, and prevention of obesity and T2DM. These signaling pathways contain the pivotal players in glucose and lipid metabolism, e.g., AMPK, PI3K/AKT, FGF21, Hedgehog, Notch, and WNT; the inflammation response, for instance, Nrf2, MAPK, NF- kB, and JAK/STAT. Bioactive compounds from plants have emerged as key food components related to healthy status and disease prevention. They can act as signaling molecules to initiate or mediate signaling transduction that regulates cell function and homeostasis to repair and re-functionalize the damaged tissues and organs. Therefore, it is crucial to continuously investigate bioactive compounds as sources of new pharmaceuticals for obesity and T2DM. This review provides comprehensive information of the commonly shared signaling pathways between obesity and T2DM, and we also summarize the therapeutic bioactive compounds that may serve as anti-obesity and/or anti-diabetes therapeutics by regulating these associated pathways, which contribute to improving glucose and lipid metabolism, attenuating inflammation.
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