Dynamic multicolour tuning in π-conjugated polymers towards flexible electrochromic displays

Multicolour electrochromic materials have been considered as a promising alternative to achieve dynamic full-colour tuning towards next-generation electronic display technology. However, the development of electrochromics with wide colour gamut and subtle multicolour tunability still remains challenging due to inflexible energy level structures in intrinsic active materials. Herein, the electrochromic π-conjugated polymers with rich and subtle colour tunability were designed and developed based on a fine adjustment on the energy level structures. The chromatic transition covers almost full-colour gamut, and each colour scheme has a rich variety of categories stemming from versatile hues, chromas and lightnesses. Moreover, the multicolour π-conjugated polymers also demonstrate superior overall electrochromic performance, including fast switching (∼1.0 s), high colouration efficiency (160.4 cm