Recent progress on general wearable electrical heating textiles enabled by functional fibers

With the growing demand for stretchable, wearable, and versatile thermal management electronics, exploring novel active electrical heating textiles is of significance for expansive practical applications. The electrical heating textiles enabled by the functional fibers with favorable comfort, washability, flexibility, and high conversion efficiency constitute clear advantages over traditional electrical heating devices. In this review, we summarize the recent research advances of wearable electrical heating textiles, including flexible substrate, conductive electrode, power supply and other basic components. The electrical heating materials are reasonably classified and comprehensively discussed, laying emphasis on the corresponding properties and emerging applications of functional fibers. Furthermore, the outlook and prospective of wearable electrical heating textiles are also demonstrated together with the remaining challenges in order to further promote the development of this field.