协变量
医学
观察研究
临床试验
肿瘤科
随机对照试验
精确肿瘤学
内科学
临床肿瘤学
医学物理学
作者
Ronghui Xu,Guanhua Chen,Michael Connor,James D. Murphy
摘要
In this article, we review different applications of how to incorporate individual patient variables into clinical research within oncology. These methodologies range from the more traditional use of baseline covariates from randomized clinical trials, as well as observational studies, to using covariates to generalize the results of randomized clinical trials to other populations. Individual patient variables also allow for the consideration of heterogeneity in treatment effects and individualized treatment rules. We primarily consider two treatment groups and mostly focus on time-to-event outcomes where such methodologies have been well established and widely applied. We also discuss more conceptually newer statistical research that has not been widely applied in clinical oncology, but is likely to make an impact in future oncology research. With the increasing amount of biomedical data available for analysis, it is inevitable that more methods are developed to make best use of information, to advance oncology research.
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