生物
细胞生物学
活体细胞成像
计算生物学
高含量筛选
核糖核酸
体外
清脆的
作者
Taekjip Ha,Christian M. Kaiser,Sua Myong,Bin Wu,Jie Xiao
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2021.12.019
摘要
Summary
Owing to their unique abilities to manipulate, label, and image individual molecules in vitro and in cellulo, single-molecule techniques provide previously unattainable access to elementary biological processes. In imaging, single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) and protein-induced fluorescence enhancement in vitro can report on conformational changes and molecular interactions, single-molecule pull-down (SiMPull) can capture and analyze the composition and function of native protein complexes, and single-molecule tracking (SMT) in live cells reveals cellular structures and dynamics. In labeling, the abilities to specifically label genomic loci, mRNA, and nascent polypeptides in cells have uncovered chromosome organization and dynamics, transcription and translation dynamics, and gene expression regulation. In manipulation, optical tweezers, integration of single-molecule fluorescence with force measurements, and single-molecule force probes in live cells have transformed our mechanistic understanding of diverse biological processes, ranging from protein folding, nucleic acids-protein interactions to cell surface receptor function.
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