神经科学
新皮层
谷氨酸的
加巴能
中间神经元
兴奋性突触后电位
抑制性突触后电位
生物
人口
神经网络
生物神经网络
谷氨酸受体
生物化学
社会学
人口学
受体
作者
Robin Tremblay,Soo-Hyun Lee,Bernardo Rudy
出处
期刊:Neuron
[Elsevier]
日期:2016-07-01
卷期号:91 (2): 260-292
被引量:1701
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.06.033
摘要
Cortical networks are composed of glutamatergic excitatory projection neurons and local GABAergic inhibitory interneurons that gate signal flow and sculpt network dynamics. Although they represent a minority of the total neocortical neuronal population, GABAergic interneurons are highly heterogeneous, forming functional classes based on their morphological, electrophysiological, and molecular features, as well as connectivity and in vivo patterns of activity. Here we review our current understanding of neocortical interneuron diversity and the properties that distinguish cell types. We then discuss how the involvement of multiple cell types, each with a specific set of cellular properties, plays a crucial role in diversifying and increasing the computational power of a relatively small number of simple circuit motifs forming cortical networks. We illustrate how recent advances in the field have shed light onto the mechanisms by which GABAergic inhibition contributes to network operations.
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