Aluminum-incorporated p-CuO/n-ZnO photocathode coated with nanocrystal-engineered TiO2 protective layer for photoelectrochemical water splitting and hydrogen generation

The poor photocorrosion stability and low photovoltage of cupric oxide (CuO) are the main limiting factors of CuO-based photocathodes for solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting and hydrogen evolution.