Global patterns and dynamics of climate–groundwater interactions

地下水补给 地下水 环境科学 水文学(农业) 气候变化 全球变暖 干旱 地下水模型 气候模式 抑郁集中补给 生态系统 含水层 地质学 生态学 海洋学 古生物学 生物 岩土工程
作者
Mark Cuthbert,Tom Gleeson,Nils Moosdorf,Kevin M. Befus,A. Schneider,Jens Hartmann,Bernhard Lehner
出处
期刊:Nature Climate Change [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:9 (2): 137-141 被引量:370
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41558-018-0386-4
摘要

Groundwater, the largest available store of global freshwater1, is relied upon by more than two billion people2. It is therefore important to quantify the spatiotemporal interactions between groundwater and climate. However, current understanding of the global-scale sensitivity of groundwater systems to climate change3,4—as well as the resulting variation in feedbacks from groundwater to the climate system5,6—is limited. Here, using groundwater model results in combination with hydrologic data sets, we examine the dynamic timescales of groundwater system responses to climate change. We show that nearly half of global groundwater fluxes could equilibrate with recharge variations due to climate change on human (~100 year) timescales, and that areas where water tables are most sensitive to changes in recharge are also those that have the longest groundwater response times. In particular, groundwater fluxes in arid regions are shown to be less responsive to climate variability than in humid regions. Adaptation strategies must therefore account for the hydraulic memory of groundwater systems, which can buffer climate change impacts on water resources in many regions, but may also lead to a long, but initially hidden, legacy of anthropogenic and climatic impacts on river flows and groundwater-dependent ecosystems. Groundwater model results and hydrologic data sets reveal that half of global groundwater fluxes may equilibrate with climate-driven recharge variations on human timescales, indicating that hydraulic memory may buffer climatic change impacts.
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