纳滤
膜
氟化物
化学
离子
氯化物
水化能
斯托克斯半径
半径
活化能
扩散
无机化学
分析化学(期刊)
化学工程
热力学
色谱法
物理化学
有机化学
大小排阻色谱法
生物化学
物理
计算机安全
计算机科学
工程类
酶
作者
Laura A. Richards,Bryce S. Richards,Ben Corry,A.I. Schäfer
摘要
Environmentally relevant contaminants fluoride, chloride, nitrate, and nitrite face Arrhenius energy barriers during transport through nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The energy barriers were quantified using crossflow filtration experiments and were in the range of 7-17 kcal·mol(-1), according to ion type and membrane type (Filmtec NF90 and NF270). Fluoride faced a comparatively high energy barrier for both membranes. This can be explained by the strong hydration energy of fluoride rather than other ion properties such as bare ion radius, fully hydrated radius, Stokes radius, diffusion coefficient, or ion charge. The energy barrier for fluoride decreased with pressure, indicating an impact of directional force on energy barriers. The influence of temperature-induced pore radius variability and viscosity on energy barriers was considered. The novel link between energy barriers and ion properties emphasizes the importance of ion hydration and/or partial dehydration mechanisms in determining transport in NF.
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