The recurrence rate ofHelicobacter pyloriin recent 10 years: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Objective To update and evaluate the recurrence rate of Helicobacter pylori ( H . pylori ) eradication therapy in recent 10 years. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of science was performed to identify the studies of recurrence rate of H . pylori published from 2010 to 2019. Stata 15.0 was used for analysis. Results A total of 31 studies (16,797 participants) were analyzed. The recurrence rate of H . pylori was 9% (95% CI, 8–11%), and it showed an upward trend with the time elapsed after eradication. The annual recurrence rate was 4%, and there was a stable trend with the time elapsed after eradication. Subgroup analyses showed that the recurrence rate of H . pylori eradication by triple therapy was higher than that of quadruple therapy (14% [95% CI, 9–19] vs 12% [95% CI, 7–17]); urban was higher than that of rural (8% [95% CI, 1–14] vs 5% [95% CI, 1–9]); males were higher than that of females (11% [95% CI, 8–14] vs 10% [95% CI, 7–14]); Europe had the highest recurrence rate (16% [95% CI, −1 to 42]), and Africa had the lowest (1% [95% CI, 0–2]). The recurrence rate of H . pylori was inversely related to the human development index. Conclusions The recurrence rate of H . pylori showed an increasing trend in recent 10 years, and it is still a knotty public health problem worldwide. The recurrence rate of H . pylori showed an upward trend with the time elapsed after eradication, and the recurrence rate of H . pylori varies by area, gender, and eradication methods.