气溶胶
沉积(地质)
粒径
中子活化分析
微粒
焊剂(冶金)
粒度分布
环境科学
粒子(生态学)
示踪剂
大气科学
矿物学
环境化学
分析化学(期刊)
化学
气象学
物理
地质学
放射化学
海洋学
沉积物
核物理学
地貌学
有机化学
物理化学
作者
Peter F. Caffrey,John M. Ondov,Maria J. Zufall,Cliff I. Davidson
摘要
Dry deposition flux and aerosol size distribution measure ments were made concurrently aboard the RV Lake Guardian 19 km east of the Chicago shoreline during summer 1994 to assess atmospheric inputs of minor and trace elements to southern Lake Michigan. Size-segregated aerosol measurements were made over consecutive 12-h periods with Micro-Orifice and Noll Rotary impactors (MOI and NRI), and depositing-particulate collections to aerodynamically smooth airfoils were made over periods of 3−4 days. The combination of the MOI and NRI provided size-segregated particulate samples in 12 discrete intervals between 0.059 and, nominally, 100 μm. The samples were analyzed for As, Ca, Mg, Se, Sb, V, and Zn by instrumental neutron activation analysis and for S by X-ray fluorescence. Aerosol and deposition data for individual elemental constituents were fit with a chemical mass balance deposition (CMBD) model in which a set of particle-size-specific deposition velocities (Vd), best reconciling the deposition data, were determined by iterative (constrained) solution of a series of six linear equations using the Levenberg−Marquardt method. Under stable conditions and mean wind speed of 4.0 m s-1, minimum Vd values for particles with physical diameters between 0.09 and 0.53 μm averaged 0.006 ± 0.005 cm s-1, wherein uncertainties were determined by Monte Carlo analysis. This agrees favorably with values determined by microscopy for which uncertainties were much larger and with those predicted by the Williams model for the same period. The results suggest that physically significant Vd values are obtainable from a constrained CMBD model.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI