Assessment of Immune Responses in an Animal Model of Wheat Food Allergy via Epicutaneous Sensitization

Wheat allergy is a pathological event involving immunocompetent cells against ingested wheat allergen and is clearly associated with transdermal sensitization. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease etiology are not completely understood. A complex cellular and tissue network linking to food allergy makes it difficult to understand the molecular mechanism of allergenicity. Animal models are valuable tools to deduce basic principles of human disease without invasive intervention trials. A mouse model of wheat allergy has provided insights into effects of skin exposure to wheat protein; it is a plausible route of human sensitization for wheat anaphylaxis. Further investigation of this model will capture the essential occurrence and flow of events, bringing useful clues to develop effective treatment and control strategies against wheat allergy. Here, we describe a method for analyzing the expression of cell surface molecules in single cells isolated from lymphoid tissue with flow cytometry. Sensitization by wheat extracts significantly increases antigen-specific T cells in the spleen. Collecting information regarding the contribution of immune cells to allergic sensitization in the development of wheat allergy would be useful in preventing and treating food allergies.