[Advances in risk factors and genetic risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma].

With the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma increasing year by year and the epidemiological trend changes, the research on risk factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its primary prevention has attracted more and more attention. At present, many risk factors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have been studied, which can be divided into genetic factors and non-genetic factors. Among the non-genetic factors, viral infection （HPV virus, Epstein-Barr virus）, lifestyle （smoking, drinking, diet, chewing betel nut）, social behavior factors, immunosuppression, occupational exposure, and other factors are closely related to HNSCC incidence. In this paper, the research progress of HNSCC related risk factors is reviewed to provide evidence for the identification of the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and reduce the risk behaviors to reduce the incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.摘要: 随着全球头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）发病率的逐年增加及流行病学趋势的改变，HNSCC发病危险因素的研究及其一级预防越来越受到关注。目前，关于HNSCC的多种相关危险因素研究较多，可分为遗传风险与非遗传危险因素两大类；其中在非遗传危险因素中，病毒感染（HPV病毒、EB病毒）、生活方式（吸烟、饮酒、饮食、咀嚼槟榔）、社会行为因素、免疫抑制、职业暴露等因素均与HNSCC发病息息相关。本文就HNSCC的发病相关危险因素及遗传风险研究进展进行综述，以期为明确发病风险提供证据，降低风险行为以减少HNSCC的发病率。.