A Review of Electrical Resistivity Tomography Applications in Underground Imaging and Object Detection

This work presents a comparative study of the state-of-the-art Electrical Resistivity Tomography applications in the context of underground imaging and object detection. Parameters such as data acquisition or mapping, array protocol, inversion model, geological site description, and number of profiles are used to compare each application. In addition, a classification of these applications in underground imaging and development of a thematic taxonomy are presented. The thematic taxonomy is based on the type of underground object detected and surveyed. This includes underground utilities, underground cavities, old and ancient structures, fault zones and potential construction sites, hydrological features, and bedrock, concrete, and other objects. Finally, the issues and challenges are identified from each solution.