Biomimetic Nanozymes Based on Coassembly of Amino Acid and Hemin for Catalytic Oxidation and Sensing of Biomolecules

Abstract Nanoassemblies based on self‐assembly of biological building blocks are promising in mimicking the nanostructures, properties, and functionalities of natural enzymes. However, it remains a challenge to design of biomimetic nanozymes with tunable nanostructures and enhanced catalytic activities starting from simple biomolecules. Herein, the construction of nanoassemblies through coassembly of an amphiphilic amino acid and hemin is reported. The nanostructures and morphologies of the resulting nanoassemblies are readily controlled by tuning the molar ratio between the amino acid and hemin, thus leading to tailored peroxidase‐mimicking activities of the nanoassemblies. Importantly, the optimized nanoassemblies exhibit a remarkable catalytic efficiency that is comparable to the natural counterpart when considering molecular mass along with good robustness in multiple catalytic cycles. The nanoassemblies are effectively integrated as biomimetic nanozymes in a sensing system for catalytic detection of glucose. Therefore, this work demonstrates that nanozymes with advanced catalytic capabilities can be constructed by self‐assembly of minimalist biological building blocks and may thus promote the rational design and catalytic applications of biomimetic nanozymes.