Extracapsular Dissection in Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Parotid Gland: Results After 13 Years of Follow‐up

Objectives/Hypothesis To assess long‐term results after the treatment of parotid pleomorphic adenomas (PPAs) using different surgical techniques and focusing on recurrence rates and the risk of adverse effects. Study Design Retrospective analysis. Methods Retrospective analysis of 182 patients treated exclusively for PPAs at a tertiary referral center between 2000 and 2004. Thorough follow‐up examinations over a mean period of 13 years were possible in 53.8% (n = 98/182). Tumors were categorized according to the European Salivary Gland Society (ESGS) system to improve the comparison of outcomes. After different surgical resection strategies, recurrence rates, postoperative facial nerve paresis (FNP), and incidence of Frey's syndrome were assessed. The follow‐up period included clinical examinations and imaging of every patient in the treating department. Results Of 182 patients, extracapsular dissection (ED) was performed in 29.7%, and other surgical modalities (OSMs), including facial nerve dissection, in 70.3%. After the long‐term follow‐up, 98% of all the patients (n = 96/98) were recurrence free. When recurrence rates were compared, no significant differences were noted ( P < .331). ED resulted in significantly lower FNP rates compared to OSMs ( P < .001). FNP rates significantly increased with size and location of the tumors according to ESGS categories (temporary and permanent FNP, P = .04). Surgical invasiveness corresponded to a significant increase in the incidence of Frey's syndrome ( P < .001). Conclusions ED was associated with the lowest complication rates, but not with a higher risk of recurrence, when compared with OSM in the long‐term course. As ED can be performed in the majority of PPAs, it can be regarded as the treatment of choice whenever possible. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope , 131:E445–E451, 2021