Characterization of Lead Compounds Targeting the Selenoprotein Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase for Treatment of Schistosomiasis

吡喹酮 曼氏血吸虫 生物 血吸虫病 血吸虫 硒蛋白 血吸虫 生物化学 药理学 免疫学 谷胱甘肽 蠕虫 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶
作者
Haining Lyu,Pavel A. Petukhov,Paul R. Banta,Ajit Jadhav,Wendy Lea,Qing Cheng,Elias S.J. Arnér,Anton Simeonov,Gregory R. J. Thatcher,Francesco Angelucci,David L. Williams
出处
期刊:ACS Infectious Diseases [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:6 (3): 393-405 被引量:38
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00354
摘要

Schistosomiasis is a widespread human parasitic disease currently affecting over 200 million people. Chemotherapy for schistosomiasis relies exclusively on praziquantel. Although significant advances have been made in recent years to reduce the incidence and intensity of schistosome infections, these gains will be at risk should drug-resistant parasites evolve. Thioredoxin glutathione reductase (TGR) is a selenoprotein of the parasite essential for the survival of schistosomes in the mammalian host. Several high-throughput screening campaigns have identified inhibitors of Schistosoma mansoni TGR. Follow up analyses of select active compounds form the basis of the present study. We identified eight compounds effective against ex vivo worms. Compounds 1-5 are active against all major species and development stages. The ability of these compounds to target immature worms is especially critical because praziquantel is poorly active against this stage. Compounds 1-5, 7, and 8 displayed schistosomicidal activity even after only 1 h incubation with the worms. Compounds 1-4 meet or exceed standards set by the World Health Organization for leads for schistosomiasis therapy activity. The mechanism of TGR inhibition was studied further with wild-type and mutant TGR proteins. Compounds 4-6 were found to induce an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity in TGR, leading to the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Collectively, this effort has identified several active compound series that may serve as the basis for the development of new schistosomicidal compounds.
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